ERP Protection Relays Application

5.6.2.- PROTECTION SYSTEMS
PROTECTION RELAYS APPLICATION - ERP

Configuration example of Protection Relays Test Base Unit, “ERP-UB”, with required and recommended elements

INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

The Protection Relays Test Aplication, "ERP", is one of the most advanced and safe equipment in the market for studying the operation of protection relays used in real electrical substations.

See general description

Expansions

ICAI

Interactive Computer Aided Instruction Software

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General Description

The Protection Relays Test Application, "ERP", is one of the most advanced and safe units in the market for studying the operation of protection relays used in real electrical substations. This unit provides students, professors, and researchers with the necessary knowledge and experience in the field of high voltage protection and cybersecurity relays.

This application consists of the Protection Relays Test Base Unit, "ERP-UB," which is the main element where electrical tests and interconnections are carried out.

  • ERP-UB. The base unit is built with an aluminum and steel frame, prepared to withstand the most severe electrical tests. It also has a set of thermal and differential protections for the protection of the user and the unit. Any human failure will be supported by these back-up protections. These protections give service to two panels with safety terminals that allow the connection of the different protection relays to be tested.
  • ERP-MF. On the other hand, it is required the Fault Injection, "ERP-MF", designed by EDIBON, which allows any type of fault to be safely injected. By means of a multi-selector, the device can be pre-configured to inject single-phase, two-phase, two-ground, three-phase, and three-ground faults. In addition, it also has a switch that allows selecting the fault impedance.
  • ERP-CBM. Finally, it is important to note that this unit is prepared to study cybersecurity systems. To do this, it is recommended to acquire the Cybersecurity Application, "ERP-CBM", designed by EDIBON. Today, cybersecurity has become critically important in the field of power systems, as it is essential to protect them not only from potential electrical faults but also from the growing threat of hacker intrusions via the internet.
  • Protection Relays. In order to study high-voltage protection systems in depth, it is recommended to acquire at least one of the protection relays offered in this catalog:
    • Differential Protection Relay, "ERP-PDF"
    • Feeder Management Relay, "ERP-MA"
    • Directional/Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection Relay, "ERP-SDND"
    • Overcurrent and Earth Fault Protection Relay, "ERP-SFT"
    • Distance Protection Relay, "ERP-PD"
    The protection relays, designed by EDIBON, are supplied with a programming software for the setting of all the parameters inherent to each type of relay, such as protection 21, 27, 32, 50, 51, 59, 67, 81, 87, etc. These relays can be programmed directly from their front panel or through the corresponding software. The software provided with these relays is a powerful tool that, in addition to allowing relay configuration, features an HMI function to monitor in real-time the electrical parameters measured by the protection relays and capture graphical records of electrical faults for subsequent analysis.
  • ERP-GMGPT. It is also recommended to acquire the Motor-Generator with Protection Relays and Automatic Regulation, "ERP-GMGPT". This is a complete power generation system formed by an electric motor and an independently excited three-phase synchronous generator. It also includes a multi-function AVR excitation and speed controller that fulfills the protective functions of a power plant.

Exercises and guided practices

GUIDED PRACTICAL EXERCISES INCLUDED IN THE MANUAL

Practical possibilities with Differential Protection Relay (ERP-PDF):

  1. Verification of differential protection functionality.
  2. Transformer differential protection with variable TAP’s voltage regulation.
  3. Transformer differential protection with different transformer connections.

Practical possibilities with Feeders Management Relay (ERP-MA):

  1. Verification of the feeder management relay functionality.
  2. Phase overcurrent element of the feeder management Relay.
  3. Residual ground overcurrent element of the feeder management relay.
  4. Overvoltage element of the feeder management relay.

Practical possibilities with Directional/Non Directional Overcurrent Protection Relay (ERP-SDND):

  1. Verification of directional protection functionality.
  2. Directional protection with different measurement circuit conditions.
  3. Directional protection application to transmission line under different load conditions.

Practical possibilities with Overcurrent and Earth Fault Protection Relay (ERP-SFT):

  1. Verification of overcurrent protection functionality.
  2. Verification of phase overcurrent elements.
  3. Verification of residual ground overcurrent elements.

Practical possibilities with Distance Protection Relay (ERP-PD):

  1. Verification of line distance protection functionality.
  2. Line distance protection with different measurement circuit conditions.
  3. Line distance protection with different line loads conditions.

Practical possibilities with Cybersecurity Application (ERP-CBM):

  1. Accessing the cybersecurity protection relay web server.
  2. Creating administrator accounts.
  3. Configuration of the hierarchical communication cybersecurity system between the protection relays using the ACSelerator software.
  4. Creation of users, groups, and permissions.
  5. Configuration of the cybersecurity relay communication ports.
  6. Creating communications between different protection relays and the cybersecurity relay.
  7. Creating user passwords with different access levels.

Practical possibilities with Motor-Generator with Protection Relays and Automatic Regulation (ERP-GMGPT):

  1. Island operation with automatic control of the generator-motor group.
  2. Automatic synchronization of the generator with the grid.
  3. Display and control of active power curve during synchronization with the "toolkit" software.
  4. Display and control of active and reactive power curves during synchronization with the "toolkit" software.

Additional practical possibilities with Differential Protection Relay (ERP-PDF):

  1. Verification of phase instantaneous overcurrent protection for winding 1.
  2. Verification of phase definite time-overcurrent protection for winding 1.
  3. Verification of phase inverse time-overcurrent protection for winding 1.
  4. Verification of phase instantaneous overcurrent protection for winding 2.
  5. Verification of phase definite time-overcurrent protection for winding 2.
  6. Verification of phase inverse time-overcurrent protection for winding 2.
  7. Verification of current transformers measurement accuracy.
  8. Power transformer overcurrent protection.
  9. Distribution substation busbar differential protection.
  10. Transmission substation busbar differential protection.
  11. Analysis of event reports and human machine interface.

Additional practical possibilities with Feeders Management Relay (ERP-MA):

  1. Undervoltage element of the feeder management relay.
  2. Verification of phase instantaneous overcurrent protection.
  3. Verification of phase time-overcurrent protection.
  4. Verification of residual overcurrent element.
  5. Verification of residual time-overcurrent element.
  6. Verification of neutral overcurrent element.
  7. Verification of overfrequency protection element.
  8. Verification of underfrequency protection element.
  9. Verification of positive (forward) power flow protection element.
  10. Verification of negative (reverse) power flow protection element.
  11. Protection of distribution feeder example.
  12. Protection of overhead transmission line example.

Additional practical possibilities with Directional/Non Directional Overcurrent Protection Relay (ERP-SDND):

  1. Forward directional protection.
  2. Reverse directional protection.
  3. Non-directional overcurrent protection.
  4. Residual ground time-overcurrent protection.
  5. Residual ground instantaneous overcurrent protection.
  6. Verification of cable undervoltage protection.
  7. Verification of cable overvoltage protection.
  8. Verification of current transformers measurements accuracy.
  9. Verification of voltage transformers measurements accuracy.
  10. Distribution system directional protection.

Additional practical possibilities with Overcurrent and Earth Fault Protection Relay (ERP-SFT):

  1. Verification of phase instantaneous overcurrent protection.
  2. Verification of phase time-overcurrent protection.
  3. Verification of neutral ground instantaneous overcurrent protection.
  4. Verification of neutral ground time-overcurrent protection.
  5. Verification of residual ground instantaneous overcurrent protection.
  6. Verification of residual ground time-overcurrent protection.
  7. Verification of current transformer measurement accuracy.
  8. Power transformer overcurrent protection.
  9. Power transmission line overcurrent protection.
  10. Load feeder overcurrent protection.
  11. Distribution system overcurrent protection.
  12. Power transmission system overcurrent protection.

Additional practical possibilities with Distance Protection Relay (ERP-PD):

  1. Verification of phase instantaneous overcurrent element.
  2. Verification of ground instantaneous overcurrent element.
  3. Verification of phase time-overcurrent protection element.
  4. Verification of ground time-overcurrent protection element.
  5. Verification of current transformer measurement accuracy.
  6. Verification of current transformers connection diagram.
  7. Verification of voltage transformers measurement accuracy and connection diagram for distance protection.
  8. Overhead transmission line parameters estimation for distance protection.
  9. Overhead transmission line distance protection.
  10. Distance protection event reports analysis.
  11. Distance protection relay human machine interface.
  12. Distance protection relay configuration.
  13. Distance protection of simple power system example.

Additional practical possibilities with Cybersecurity Application (ERP-CBM):

  1. Resetting the protection relay to set up the communication system from scratch.
  2. Simulation of cyber attack.
  3. Creation of encrypted communication between the cybersecurity relay and the differential protection relay.
  4. Creation of encrypted communication between the cybersecurity relay and the overcurrent protection relay.
  5. Creation of encrypted communication between the cybersecurity relay and the distance protection relay.
  6. Creation of encrypted communication between the cybersecurity relay and the directional protection relay.
  7. Creation of encrypted communication between the cybersecurity relay and the feeder management relay.

Additional practical possibilities with Motor-Generator with Protection Relays and Automatic Regulation (ERP-GMGPT):

  1. Working of motor protection switch.
  2. Motor protection relay.
  3. Thermistor protection.
  4. Investigation of time overcurrent protection.
  5. Unbalanced load protection.
  6. Reverse power protection.
  7. Overvoltage and undervoltage protection.
  8. Stator earth-fault protection.
  9. Generator differential protection (optional with ERP-PDF).
  10. Rotor earth-fault protection.
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MORE PRACTICAL EXERCISES TO BE DONE WITH THE UNIT

  1. Several other exercises can be done and designed by the user.

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