5.- 能源

能源是为满足特定社会用途而提取和转化的一种自然资源，可以满足社会对商品和服务生产的需求。关于主要能源，我们可以区分可再生能源和不可再生能源。

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可再生能源是指取之不尽，用之不竭的能源。值得注意的是光伏太阳能，太阳能热能，风能，海洋能，地热能和生物燃料。

不可再生或常规能源是自然界中以有限方式发现的能源，通常会对环境造成巨大影响。最常见的是化石燃料，例如煤，石油和天然气，另一方面是通过核裂变和核聚变获得的核能。

为了从这些主要能源获取电能，需要电厂，例如燃煤电厂，联合循环电厂，核电厂，太阳能热电厂，光伏电厂，水力发电厂，风力发电厂等。

如今，不可再生能源日益稀缺，随着全球变暖，能效概念变得越来越重要。在寻求越来越多的先进技术解决方案以在能量产生，在用于其运输的电力系统以及在能量消耗的控制和管理中获得最大效率。技术和能源效率齐头并进。一个例子是智能电网的不断扩展。智能电网的范围从可再生能源发电，输电和配电系统到通过智能电表系统（如智能电表）管理用电。

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能源 子类别

5.1.- 智能电网和电力系统

智能电网是电力系统发展的结果。这些都是以可持续、可靠和经济的方式管理电力需求的发展网络。它们的特点是采用先进的基础设施，以促进智能电网中新组件的集成。由于可再生能源被纳入电力系统，发电的分散性越来越明显。这就是为什么电力流的分布成为一个巨大的挑战，因为根据基尔霍夫定律，电流往往在更大程度上通过阻抗较低的电力线流通。这就造成了电力网络的极大不平衡，使其性能受到损失。电力电子技术的巨大进步成功地挑战了基希霍夫定律，成功地控制了最复杂的电力网络中的功率流。目前集成到智能电网中用于控制功率流的尖端技术发展包括：移相变压器（PST）、柔性交流输电系统（FACTS）、静态同步补偿器（STATCOM）...
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5.2.- 微网格

智能电网是以可持续、可靠和经济的方式管理电力需求的进化网络。它们的特点是采用先进的基础设施，以促进智能电网中新组件的集成。传统的发电、输电、配电和能源消费的电力系统结构已经不能满足日益增长的能源需求。智能电网...
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5.3.- 可再生能源

可再生能源是清洁的、不受限制的、越来越有竞争力的能源。它们是基于利用自然资源的能源：太阳、风、水或植物或动物生物质。它们与化石燃料的区别主要在于它们的多样性、丰富性和在地球任何地方使用的潜力，但最重要的是它们不会产生温室气体。由于开发了可再生能源，就有可能应对气候变化，避免其破坏性影响。温室气体导致的全球变暖是一个事实，这就是为什么联合国确定的目标之一是到2030年实现全民用电。可再生能源有多种类型，如风能、光伏能、水能、生物质能和沼气、地热能、潮汐能、波浪或波浪能、生物乙醇和生物柴油等。鉴于可再生能源的重要性，应强调其主要优势：不排放温室气体，取之不尽，减少对能源的依赖，成本越来越低，...
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5.4.- 常规能源

常规能源或不可再生能源是指自然界中以有限方式存在的所有能源。常规能源可分为两类：化石燃料和核燃料。在化石燃料中，我们可以区分出煤、石油和天然气，它们来自数百万年前的生物质，由于一定的压力和温度条件，它们获得了能量特性。化石燃料的优点是容易开采，临时供应量大，价格相对便宜。缺点是向大气中排放污染气体，且污染气体较细。另一方面，核燃料是铀和钚。其优点是连续生产丰富的能源，且在运行过程中不产生温室气体。问题是，它们的储备有限，而且会产生反应性废物。这些能量主要用于生产电能。由于有了发电厂，传统能源是利用这些燃料燃烧产热，然后用它来发电。通常情况下，是在锅炉或燃烧室中燃烧燃料产生蒸汽或加热气体。...
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5.5.- 能源储备

如今，传统电网要想向能源分散化迈出决定性的一步，储能是必不可少的。问题在于，电能不能以原来的形式储存，即必须将其转化为其他形式的可以储存的能量。这些储能系统如水泵系统、压缩空气储能系统、飞轮、电化学蓄能器等。水泵系统的工作原理基本上是将水在高空推进，随后利用水因高空积累的势能。随后，流体通过大型管道，在管道中安装与发电机相连的水轮机。它是一个完全可再生的过程，不会产生温室气体排放。缺点是这些系统对环境的影响很大，因为它们需要对土地的地形进行重要修改，以便正确开发能源资源。使用压缩空气的储能系统，简称CAES，是将电能转化为机械能的另一种选择，反之亦然。目的是当风力发电场或光伏发电场的能源...
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5.6.- 高压和电气保护系统

如今，电气系统可以说是世界上最大的互联系统之一。从小城镇到整个国家，数百公里的电力线相互连接。即使在海底，岛屿之间也有地下电缆，以满足这些人口的能源需求。高压电气系统是极其复杂的，因为它必须将某些电气变量控制在一定的范围内，不能变化。电压、频率和谐波水平是一些持续监测的电气参数。另外，电流和有功和无功功率流量以及功率因数也是其他决定性参数，以保证输送的电能有足够的质量和效率。此外，为了避免对电网造成不可逆的破坏，高压系统中还设有保护继电器，其目的是为了保护这些网络免受电气故障、雷击、错误操作等影响。由于这些原因，电力系统的设计和管理是一项非常复杂的工作，由于其行为的动态性和不断发生的能量...
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5.7.- 安装与维护

当今社会的需求对任何行业来说都是一种挑战，因为行业必须在不断的发展和改造中才能适应这些需求。近年来，由于新的工业革命或 "工业4.0"，"工业物联网"（IIoT）和 "智能工厂...
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5.1.- 智能电网和电力系统 5.2.- 微网格 5.3.- 可再生能源 5.4.- 常规能源 5.5.- 能源储备 5.6.- 高压和电气保护系统 5.7.- 安装与维护

能源 设备

1.- 物理学 2.- 电子学 3.- 通讯 4.- 电力 5.- 能源 6.- 机电一体化与自动化 7.- 力学 8.- 流体力学 9.- 热力学与热工学 10.- 过程控制 11.- 化学工程 12.- 食品科技 13.- 环境 14.- 生物醫學工程 实验室配件 定制试验工厂
5.1.- 智能电网和电力系统 5.2.- 微网格 5.3.- 可再生能源 5.4.- 常规能源 5.5.- 能源储备 5.6.- 高压和电气保护系统 5.7.- 安装与维护
5.1.1.- 智能电网和电力系统（公用事业） 5.1.2.- 智能电网和电力系统（最终用户） 5.1.3.- 电力系统应用 5.3.1.- 光伏太阳能 5.3.2.- 太阳能热能 5.3.3.- 风能 5.3.4.- 海洋能源 5.3.5.- 地热能源 5.3.6.- 液压能源 5.3.7.- 生物燃料 5.3.8.- 能量积累系统 5.3.9.- 氢燃料电池 5.3.10.- 蒸汽轮机和有机朗肯循环 5.3.11.- 其他非常规系统 5.6.1.- 高压实验室 5.6.2.- 保护系统 5.7.1.- 分段模型 5.7.2.- 可拆卸模型 5.7.3.- 安装和维护惯例
5.1.3.1.- 发电 5.1.3.2.- 电力传输 5.1.3.3.- 功率和负载分配
Showing 61-90 of 138 item(s)
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PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY MODULAR UNIT (INTERMEDIATE VERSION) - MINI-EESF/M
  • MINI-EESF/M
Available
5.3.1.- 光伏太阳能

MINI-EESF/M

太阳能光伏模块化教学仪。（中级版）

Photovoltaic Solar Energy Modular Unit (Intermediate Version), "MINI-EESF/M", is a laboratory scaled unit designed to study all the parameters involved in the solar radiation direct conversion into electricity.The unit is based on some application...
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PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY MODULAR UNIT (BASIC VERSION) - MINI-EESF/B
  • MINI-EESF/B
Available
5.3.1.- 光伏太阳能

MINI-EESF/B

太阳能光伏模块化教学仪。（基本版）

The Photovoltaic Solar Energy Modular Unit (Basic Version), "MINI-EESF/B", is a laboratory scaled unit designed to study all the parameters involved in the solar radiation direct conversion into electricity.The unit is based on some application...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED THERMAL SOLAR ENERGY UNIT - EESTC
  • EESTC
Available
5.3.2.- 太阳能热能

EESTC

计算机控制太阳热能设备

The Computer Controlled Thermal Solar Energy Unit, "EESTC", is a system that transforms solar energy into usable thermal energy. It uses the thermosiphon solar system to heat water or the traditional pumping system. In both cases, the absorbed...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED THERMAL SOLAR ENERGY BASIC UNIT - MINI-EESTC
  • MINI-EESTC
Available
5.3.2.- 太阳能热能

MINI-EESTC

计算机控制的太阳热能基本设备

The Computer Controlled Thermal Solar Energy Basic Unit, "MINI-EESTC", allows to demonstrate solar thermal heating of domestic water in an illustrative manner.This unit is a system that transforms solar energy into usable thermal energy. It uses...
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THERMAL SOLAR ENERGY UNIT - EEST
  • EEST
Available
5.3.2.- 太阳能热能

EEST

太阳热能设备

The Thermal Solar Energy Unit, "EEST", is a system that transforms solar energy into usable thermal energy. It uses the thermosiphon solar system to heat water or the traditional pumping system. In both cases, the absorbed thermal energy is given...
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THERMAL SOLAR ENERGY BASIC UNIT - MINI-EEST
  • MINI-EEST
Available
5.3.2.- 太阳能热能

MINI-EEST

太阳热能的基本设备

This unit is a system that transforms solar energy into usable thermal energy.This unit uses the thermosiphon system to heat water or the traditional pumping system. In both cases, the absorbed thermal energy is given by the simulated solar...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED FOCUSING SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTOR - ECESC
  • ECESC
Available
5.3.2.- 太阳能热能

ECESC

太阳能集热器，计算机控制（PC）

The Computer Controlled Focusing Solar Energy Collector, "ECESC", shows the principles of a parabolic trough to collect solar energy.The unit includes a highly polished stainless steel parabolic reflector on a mobile base. It can be horizontally...
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WIND POWER PLANTS WITH DOUBLE FEED INDUCTION GENERATOR APPLICATION - AEL-WPP
  • AEL-WPP
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

AEL-WPP

双馈感应发电机风电场应用

The Wind Power Plants with Double Feed Induction Generator Application, "AEL-WPP", is used to investigate the design and operation of modern wind power stations. The "AEL-WPP" consists of a prime motor that moves a double-feed induction generator...
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WIND POWER APPLICATION WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR - AEL-WPT
  • AEL-WPT
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

AEL-WPT

具有永磁同步发电机的风力发电应用

Considering the above, this application allows experimental investigation on the conversion of wind energy into electricity by means of a wind power generator. The system configuration is stand-alone (isolated from the grid). The equipment is...
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WIND POWER PLANTS WITH INDUCTION GENERATOR APPLICATION - AEL-WPPI
  • AEL-WPPI
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

AEL-WPPI

具有感应发电机的风力发电机组应用

The Wind Power Plants with Induction Generator Application, "AEL-WPPI", has been developed by EDIBON to study the wind turbines electrical performance with three-phase induction generators of squirrel cage that inject power in the network.Wind...
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STAND-ALONE WIND TURBINE APPLICATION - AEL-SWT
  • AEL-SWT
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

AEL-SWT

风力涡轮机在孤立电网中的应用

The Stand-Alone Wind Turbine Aplication, "AEL-SWT", has been designed by Edibon for the training at both the theoretical and practicallevels in the field of wind turbines.The "AEL-SWT" application provides several levels of training to give the...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED WIND ENERGY UNIT - EEEC
  • EEEC
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

EEEC

计算机控制风力能源设备

The Computer Controlled Wind Energy Unit, "EEEC", contains an aerogenerator, in laboratory-scale, and is used to study the conversion of kinetic wind energy into electrical energy and to study the influence of some factors on this generation.The...
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WIND ENERGY UNIT - EEE
  • EEE
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

EEE

风力发电设备

The Wind Energy Unit, "EEE", contains an aerogenerator, in laboratory-scale, and is used to study the conversion of kinetic wind energy into electrical energy and to study the influence of some factors on this generation.The unit consists of a...
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WIND ENERGY BASIC UNIT - MINI-EEE
  • MINI-EEE
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

MINI-EEE

风力发电的基本设备

The Wind Energy Basic Unit, "MINI-EEE", is a small-scale unit designed to study wind energy and the influence of some factors on its generation.This unit consists of a transparent tunnel, a wind turbine with rotor to place up to six blades and a...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED WIND ENERGY BASIC UNIT - MINI-EEEC
  • MINI-EEEC
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

MINI-EEEC

计算机控制风力发电的基本设备

The Computer Controlled Wind Energy Basic Unit, "MINI-EEEC", is a small-scale unit designed to study wind energy and the influence of some factors on its generation.This unit consists of a transparent tunnel, a wind turbine with rotor to place up...
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WIND ENERGY DRIVE TRAIN ANALYSIS UNIT - WEDTA
  • WEDTA
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

WEDTA

风能传动系统分析设备

The Wind Energy Drive Train Analysis Unit, "WEDTA", designed by EDIBON, allows students and professors to explore the operational characteristics of a wind turbine rotor under various wind conditions, thus optimizing the design and operation of...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED WIND ENERGY TURBINE FUNDAMENTALS UNIT - WETFC
  • WETFC
Available
5.3.3.- 风能

WETFC

计算机控制风能涡轮基础设备

The Wind Energy Turbine Fundamentals Unit, "WETFC", is a small-scale and gearless unit designed to study wind energy power plants fundamentals and the influence of some factors on its generation, with adjustable rotor blades and a generator...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED WAVES ENERGY UNIT - EOMC
  • EOMC
Available
5.3.4.- 海洋能源

EOMC

电脑控制浪波能设备

The Computer Controlled Waves Energy Unit, "EOMC", is a unit in scale, designed to study the wave energy and the influence of several variables. The unit consists of a Base Service Unit and Waves Generator "EOMC-UB" and several Modules to be used...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED TIDAL ENERGY UNIT - EMMC
  • EMMC
Available
5.3.4.- 海洋能源

EMMC

计算机控制潮汐能源设备

Tidal energy is another way to generate electricity extracting energy from the sea. Twice a day big volumes of water rise and fall with the tides.A Tidal Barrage make use of the potential energy in the difference in height (or head) between high...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED SUBMARINE CURRENTS ENERGY UNIT - ECMC
  • ECMC
Available
5.3.4.- 海洋能源

ECMC

计算机控制海底电流能源设备

An interesting technology for harnessing the energy from the ocean currents is the use of turbine-driven generators anchored in place in the current stream.The blades of the turbine are driven by the moving water. These blades are used to turn the...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED GEOTHERMAL (HIGH ENTHALPY) ENERGY UNIT - EG6C
  • EG6C
Available
5.3.5.- 地热能源

EG6C

计算机控制地热能（高焓量）设备

The Computer Controlled Geothermal (high enthalpy) Energy Unit, "EG6C", developed by EDIBON, has the aim of introducing the student in a renewable energy, increasingly important.This unit simulates the steam produced in the well, by using a steam...
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GEOTHERMAL (HIGH ENTHALPY) ENERGY UNIT - EG6B
  • EG6B
Available
5.3.5.- 地热能源

EG6B

Geothermal (high enthalpy) Energy Unit

The Geothermal (high enthalpy) Energy Unit, "EG6B", developed by EDIBON, has the aim of introducing the student in a renewable energy, increasingly important.This unit simulates the steam produced in the well, by using a steam generator. Then the...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED GEOTHERMAL (LOW ENTHALPY) ENERGY UNIT - EG5C
  • EG5C
Available
5.3.5.- 地热能源

EG5C

计算机控制地热（低焓值）能源设备

The Computer Controlled Geothermal (low enthalpy) Energy Unit, "EG5C", designed by EDIBON, consists of a cooling circuit, a small tank with pipes covered with water (bath) and a chilling unit (heat pump). The inside of the earth is simulated with...
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GEOTHERMAL (LOW ENTHALPY) ENERGY UNIT - EG5B
  • EG5B
Available
5.3.5.- 地热能源

EG5B

地热（低焓值）能源设备

The Geothermal (low enthalpy) Energy Unit, "EG5B", designed by EDIBON, consists of a cooling circuit, a small tank with pipes covered with water (bath) and a chilling unit (heat pump). The inside of the earth is simulated with them. There is...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED PELTON TURBINE - TPC
  • TPC
Available
5.3.6.- 液压能源

TPC

佩尔顿涡轮机，电脑控制（PC）

The Computer Controlled Pelton Turbine, "TPC", designed by EDIBON, consists of a small-scale Pelton turbine, with a valve that allows the flow to be regulated. The turbine includes a PELTON runner with 16 buckets, which can be clearly seen through...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED FRANCIS TURBINE - TFC
  • TFC
Available
5.3.6.- 液压能源

TFC

弗朗西斯涡轮机，电脑控制（PC）

The Computer Controlled Francis Turbine, "TFC", consists of a small-scale Francis Turbine, with a valve that allows flow regulation and has a ring with adjustable guide vanes that allows control of the angle of incidence of the water in the...
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COMPUTER CONTROLLED KAPLAN TURBINE - TKC
  • TKC
Available
5.3.6.- 液压能源

TKC

卡普兰涡轮机，电脑控制（PC）

The Computer Controlled Kaplan Turbine, "TKC", consists of a small-scale Kaplan turbine that has a ring with adjustable guide vanes, which allow the control of water flow in the turbine.In order to raise the fluid, it has a computer controlled...
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